What are metric methods?

• A. Methods using measurements of traits
• B. Methods using visually assessed traits
• C. Methods using DNA analysis
• D. Imaging techniques

Answer: (A)

Metric methods are quantitative approaches that rely on numerical measurements of skeletal traits. They involve collecting objective data—lengths, breadths, depths, angles—using tools like calipers or an osteometric board, so the results can be analyzed statistically and compared across individuals or populations. This makes them different from visually assessed traits, which are qualitative judgments about shape or presence/absence. DNA analysis is a genetic technique and not about measuring skeletal traits, while imaging techniques pertain to how data are captured; measurements can be derived from images, but metric methods specifically refer to direct trait measurements on the bones.